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Reproductive & Hormone · Source-reviewed dossier

PT-141 (Bremelanotide)

Source-Reviewed Research Dossier

PT-141 (bremelanotide) is a lab-made peptide. It activates melanocortin receptors, a family of signaling proteins involved in appetite, skin and hair pigmentation, and sexual behavior. Researchers studied it as a non-hormonal way to affect sexual desire pathways in the brain, rather than blood flow or testosterone. The clearest human evidence is a small early placebo-controlled trial. In premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder, a single intranasal dose led to more women reporting moderate-to-high desire. A trend toward better genital arousal and greater satisfaction appeared among those who had intercourse. Vaginal blood flow during erotic videos did not change significantly. Approved medicine and research powder are different things.

Research use only Lot documents on request
PT-141 (Bremelanotide) research product family with 1 catalog variants
AI-generated packaging mockup for catalog navigation. It is not a photograph of an actual supplied lot; container, label and presentation may vary.

Product family

Compound overview

Shared values below are consolidated from the current catalog record. They are not independent verification or lot results; request the applicable product specification and ask which lot records are available before ordering.

Product identity

Product type
Peptide research compound
Catalog family
PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
Research category
Reproductive & Hormone
Catalog CAS RN
189691-06-3
Catalog molecular formula
C50H68N14O10
Catalog molecular weight
1025.16 g/mol
Catalog sequence
Ac-Nle-cyclo[Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-OH
Evidence status
One FDA-approved finished product for a narrow indication plus formulation-specific clinical studies
Intended use
Research, development and manufacturing use only

Literature reference parameters

Compound or material class
Melanocortin-receptor agonist peptideCatalog-family identity
Evidence scope
One FDA-approved finished product for a narrow indication plus formulation-specific clinical studiesDo not generalize beyond the cited model
Source review
Primary or authoritative records linked belowChecked 2026-09-01

Identity safeguard Reference identifiers above describe the literature compound record. Confirm the supplied form, formula, molecular weight, purity and storage conditions against the applicable product specification and any available lot records.

Mechanism of action

How PT-141 (Bremelanotide) is studied

A target-to-pathway view grounded in the linked research records.

Melanocortin receptor signaling

Melanocortin receptors sit on cell surfaces and pass signals inside. Bremelanotide is a synthetic version of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, which naturally activates these receptors. It especially activates MC3R and MC4R. These receptors are found in brain areas linked to motivation, reward, and sexual behavior. This is why scientists thought it might act directly on desire and arousal in the brain, not just on blood vessels. The exact pathway is still uncertain, and receptor activity alone does not tell us what a person will experience.

Brain effects versus blood-flow effects

Many assume a sexual-response compound must increase genital blood flow. In the recorded human study, vaginal blood flow during erotic viewing did not change significantly, yet subjective desire and satisfaction improved. This suggests the measurable effect, at least in that intranasal study, ran more through brain perception and motivation than through local blood flow. It also shows why what people report and what is measured physically do not always match, and why study design must specify which is being measured.

Formulation, route, and material limits

Bremelanotide findings depend on the exact formulation and route. The human study used one intranasal dose in premenopausal women. The approved autoinjector uses a different route, fixed dose, and defined population with contraindications. Neither the trial formulation nor the approved product tells us how catalog powder, other routes, or different groups would behave. Catalog material is handled under its specification and lot documentation, not as the finished medicine. This boundary defines which claims a given material and study can actually support.

Reported research findings

What published studies report about PT-141 (Bremelanotide)

Reported outcomes are paired with their experimental model and evidence boundary.

FDA-regulated label

Vyleesi has a narrow indication and defined safety conditions

The U.S. label defines a 1.75 mg autoinjector and indication for selected premenopausal women with acquired, generalized HSDD.

The label does not approve catalog PT-141 material or other routes/populations.

Read the primary study
Randomized human study

Subjective sexual-response outcomes were evaluated

A placebo-controlled study evaluated intranasal bremelanotide in premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder.

The study population and intranasal formulation do not establish outcomes for catalog powder or the approved autoinjector.

Read the primary study
Translation boundary: findings are limited to the evidence level stated on each card. Experimental protocol quantities are research details, not usage instructions.

Catalog options

Variant specifications

Pack-level catalog data; lot-level controls remain document-specific.

Catalog no.P41
Pack size10 mg × 10 vials
Current variant
Specification & documents for P41

Product specification

Single-component peptide · 10 mg/vial nominal · 10-vial pack · supplied form and release limits controlled by lot specification.

Lot documentation

Document availability and scope must be confirmed for this variant and lot in the written quotation. A catalog description is not a lot-specific test result.

Quality system

Quality documentation

A listed document is not proof of availability for this lot. Ask the team to confirm the current COA status and the scope of any other records before ordering.

Lot-specific Certificate of AnalysisAvailability and scope must be confirmed for the selected catalog variant and lot
COA availability unconfirmed Ask about availability
Product Specification SheetAvailability and scope must be confirmed for the selected catalog variant and lot
Confirm before ordering Request
Analytical Method SummaryAvailability and scope must be confirmed for the selected catalog variant and lot
Confirm before ordering Request

Analytical interpretation

Interpret the documents, not just the headline number.

Use the source-reviewed guide to separate chromatographic area purity, quantitative assay, LC-MS identity, composition and stability evidence before comparing variants or requesting a lot record.

Open the Quality & Documentation Hub

HPLC area ≠ assayA dominant peak does not establish target mass fraction.

Intact mass ≠ full sequenceIdentity strength depends on resolution and orthogonal evidence.

Counterions affect contentWater, salt form and solvents change the as-is composition.

Storage needs a data basisShipping practice is not the same as stability evidence.

Evidence map

Research context

Published studies and regulatory records, not customer testimonials or usage guidance.

FDA-regulated label

Vyleesi has a narrow indication and defined safety conditions

The label does not approve catalog PT-141 material or other routes/populations.

View primary record
Randomized human study

Subjective sexual-response outcomes were evaluated

The study population and intranasal formulation do not establish outcomes for catalog powder or the approved autoinjector.

View primary record
Evidence boundary: each card states its evidence type. Human trials and regulatory records describe the studied or regulated intervention; preclinical records remain model-specific. None verifies the identity, quality, safety or efficacy of this catalog lot or provides usage instructions.

Literature basis

Curated references

Third-party publications selected for direct relevance.

  1. 01 FDA-regulated label
  2. 02

    Bremelanotide in premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder

    Randomized controlled trial. 2006. PMID 16839319.

    Randomized human study

Research FAQ

PT-141 (Bremelanotide) questions

Concise answers for researchers comparing identity, evidence and catalog variants.

What effects are studied for PT-141 (Bremelanotide)?

In a placebo-controlled trial of premenopausal women with sexual arousal disorder, a single intranasal dose led more women to report moderate-to-high sexual desire. A trend toward more positive feelings of genital arousal appeared, and those who attempted intercourse within a day were more satisfied with their arousal. Vaginal blood flow during erotic videos did not change significantly. These are short-term subjective findings from a small early study in one population, using one route.

How should the PT-141 (Bremelanotide) research findings be understood?

Bremelanotide findings depend on the exact formulation and route. The human study used one intranasal dose in premenopausal women. The approved autoinjector uses a different route, fixed dose, and defined population with contraindications. Neither the trial formulation nor the approved product tells us how catalog powder, other routes, or different groups would behave. Catalog material is handled under its specification and lot documentation, not as the finished medicine. This boundary defines which claims a given material and study can actually support.

What evidence is available for PT-141 (Bremelanotide)?

Human pharmacology and product-specific regulatory evidence exist, with strict indication and safety boundaries.

Does the cited research validate this catalog material?

No. The cited records describe their own intervention, formulation, model and controls. They do not verify the identity, purity, sterility, safety or efficacy of a catalog lot.

Which quality documents can be requested?

A lot-specific COA, product specification sheet and analytical method summary can be requested where applicable.

How should PT-141 (Bremelanotide) be stored?

Store at -20 °C, protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, aliquot and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Confirm the applicable storage statement on the product-specific specification and lot documentation.

Knowledge center

Related insights

Owned educational content connected to this family.

Bremelanotide editorial illustration

Bremelanotide RECONNECT Trials: Endpoints, Safety and FDA Scope

Bremelanotide has a real FDA-approved finished-drug record, but its scope is narrow. The RECONNECT trials studied premenopausal women with acquired, generalized HSDD—not men, performance…

Updated October 1, 2026

Knowledge tools

Continue with structured evidence

Move from this dossier into canonical evidence maps, verified status records, analytical interpretation and laboratory calculations.

Internal technical source review

Claims were checked against the linked primary publication, regulatory label or authoritative compound record. Published findings stay attached to their study model, formulation and route. Catalog identity and lot quality remain controlled by the applicable specification and lot-specific documents.

Editorial status: NHD evidence editorial workflow · 2026-09-01 · Not independent medical review · Review policy

Technical procurement

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Selected: P41 · 10 mg × 10 vials