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Growth Hormone & IGF · Ghrelin-receptor agonist research

Ipamorelin

Scientific Product Dossier

Ipamorelin is a short peptide studied mainly for growth-hormone release. It acts at the receptor used by ghrelin, a natural hormone. Healthy-volunteer research measured a brief growth-hormone response. Researchers also tested a clinical formulation in people recovering from bowel surgery. The main meal-tolerance comparison did not show a statistically significant benefit over placebo. A hormone response and a patient benefit are therefore different outcomes. Other routes and long-term effects need their own evidence; NHD material is supplied for laboratory research.

Research use only Lot documents on request
Ipamorelin research product family with 3 catalog variants
AI-generated packaging mockup for catalog navigation. It is not a photograph of an actual supplied lot; container, label and presentation may vary.

Product family

Compound overview

Shared values below are consolidated from the current catalog record. They are not independent verification or lot results; request the applicable product specification and ask which lot records are available before ordering.

Product identity

Product type
Peptide research compound
Catalog family
Ipamorelin
Research category
Growth Hormone & IGF
Evidence status
Source-reviewed literature module available below
Intended use
Research, development and manufacturing use only

Literature reference parameters

Compound class
Peptide ghrelin-receptor agonist / GH secretagogueCompound-level research classification
Evidence status
Investigational; primary phase 2 endpoint not metSource-reviewed through 2026-08-28
Primary evidence anchor
Postoperative ileus RCT · NCT00672074See linked references and study articles
Published reference sequence
Aib-His-D-2-Nal-D-Phe-Lys-NH2A pentapeptide with non-standard and D residues and a C-terminal amide. It cannot be represented faithfully in the standard 20-letter sequence calculator.
PubChem molecular reference
CID 9831659 · C38H49N9O5 · 711.9 g/molPubChem reference molecule; the database rounds the molecular weight. Do not treat this as an exact monoisotopic mass or acetate-salt lot result.
Human PK study context
Terminal half-life approximately 2 hoursMeasured in an intravenous infusion study of healthy male volunteers. Route and study conditions matter.

Identity safeguard Reference identifiers above describe the literature compound record. Confirm the supplied form, formula, molecular weight, purity and storage conditions against the applicable product specification and any available lot records.

Mechanism of action

How Ipamorelin is studied

A target-to-pathway view grounded in the linked research records.

Receptor signalling and selectivity

Ipamorelin acts at the growth-hormone secretagogue receptor, the same target the body's own ghrelin uses. In pituitary cell and animal experiments, it triggered growth-hormone release, and blocking that receptor removed the effect. In swine, it raised growth hormone without meaningfully raising ACTH or cortisol, unlike some comparison peptides. That selectivity is why it is studied as a tool rather than assumed to behave like other secretagogues.

Human hormone response

In a healthy-volunteer study, intravenous ipamorelin produced a single episode of growth-hormone release that peaked at roughly 0.67 hours and then fell. The drug was cleared from the body with a terminal half-life of about 2 hours. Responses rose with dose and could be described mathematically. This was an infusion study in healthy men, so it says nothing about other routes or longer-term use.

Clinical endpoint test

A randomised placebo-controlled trial tested the idea directly in patients recovering from bowel surgery. The treated group reached a first tolerated meal after a median of 25.3 hours versus 32.6 hours on placebo. That difference was not statistically significant (p=0.15), and secondary analyses also showed no clear separation. The trial is therefore best read as inconclusive about any clinical benefit.

Unresolved characterisation and route questions

Regulatory reviewers have noted that safety data are incomplete for some routes. They also raised concerns about immune reactions, clumping and impurities, partly because the peptide contains an unnatural amino acid. These are evidence gaps, not demonstrated harms, but they mean findings from one route or preparation should not be assumed to apply to another without direct study.

Reported research findings

What published studies report about Ipamorelin

Reported outcomes are paired with their experimental model and evidence boundary.

Phase 2 RCT

Null primary endpoint

117 enrolled; 114 analyzed. Median time to a tolerated meal was 25.3 versus 32.6 hours, p=0.15.

Intravenous inpatient protocol after bowel resection; cannot be generalized to other routes.

Read the primary study
FDA review

Route and characterization gaps remain

FDA flags immunogenicity, aggregation/impurity and unnatural-amino-acid characterization concerns, with insufficient safety data for some routes.

FDA assessment describes evidence gaps, not a test of this catalog lot.

Read the primary study
Healthy-volunteer study · 1999

Human PK/PD: route and study design

Five infusion-rate levels were studied with eight healthy men at each level. The reported terminal half-life was about 2 hours; GH peaked at approximately 0.67 hours.

This was an intravenous pharmacokinetic study, not a trial of long-term body-composition outcomes. Subcutaneous kinetics cannot be assumed from these results.

Read the primary study
Phase 2 randomized trial · 2014

Postoperative study: numerical difference without a significant endpoint

117 patients were enrolled and 114 entered the safety and modified intention-to-treat populations. Median time to the first tolerated meal was 25.3 hours with ipamorelin and 32.6 hours with placebo (p=0.15).

The primary and secondary efficacy analyses did not show significant between-group differences. The study concerned hospital patients after bowel resection.

Read the primary study
Translation boundary: findings are limited to the evidence level stated on each card. Experimental protocol quantities are research details, not usage instructions.

Catalog options

Variant specifications

Pack-level catalog data; lot-level controls remain document-specific.

Catalog no.IP2
Pack size2 mg × 10 vials
Specification & documents for IP2

Product specification

Single-component peptide · 2 mg/vial nominal · 10-vial pack · supplied form and release limits controlled by lot specification.

Lot documentation

Document availability and scope must be confirmed for this variant and lot in the written quotation. A catalog description is not a lot-specific test result.

Catalog no.IP5
Pack size5 mg × 10 vials
Specification & documents for IP5

Product specification

Single-component peptide · 5 mg/vial nominal · 10-vial pack · supplied form and release limits controlled by lot specification.

Lot documentation

Document availability and scope must be confirmed for this variant and lot in the written quotation. A catalog description is not a lot-specific test result.

Catalog no.IP10
Pack size10 mg × 10 vials
Specification & documents for IP10

Product specification

Single-component peptide · 10 mg/vial nominal · 10-vial pack · supplied form and release limits controlled by lot specification.

Lot documentation

Document availability and scope must be confirmed for this variant and lot in the written quotation. A catalog description is not a lot-specific test result.

Quality system

Quality documentation

A listed document is not proof of availability for this lot. Ask the team to confirm the current COA status and the scope of any other records before ordering.

Lot-specific Certificate of AnalysisAvailability and scope must be confirmed for the selected catalog variant and lot
COA availability unconfirmed Ask about availability
Product Specification SheetAvailability and scope must be confirmed for the selected catalog variant and lot
Confirm before ordering Request
Analytical Method SummaryAvailability and scope must be confirmed for the selected catalog variant and lot
Confirm before ordering Request

Analytical interpretation

Interpret the documents, not just the headline number.

Use the source-reviewed guide to separate chromatographic area purity, quantitative assay, LC-MS identity, composition and stability evidence before comparing variants or requesting a lot record.

Open the Quality & Documentation Hub

HPLC area ≠ assayA dominant peak does not establish target mass fraction.

Intact mass ≠ full sequenceIdentity strength depends on resolution and orthogonal evidence.

Counterions affect contentWater, salt form and solvents change the as-is composition.

Storage needs a data basisShipping practice is not the same as stability evidence.

Evidence map

Research context

Published studies and regulatory records, not customer testimonials or usage guidance.

Phase 2

Randomized ipamorelin study after bowel resection

Beck DE, et al. International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 2014. PMID 25331030.

View primary record
FDA record

FDA bulk-substance safety concerns

U.S. FDA current ipamorelin summary.

View primary record
Evidence boundary: each card states its evidence type. Human trials and regulatory records describe the studied or regulated intervention; preclinical records remain model-specific. None verifies the identity, quality, safety or efficacy of this catalog lot or provides usage instructions.

Literature basis

Curated references

Third-party publications selected for direct relevance.

  1. 01

    Randomized ipamorelin study after bowel resection

    Beck DE, et al. International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 2014. PMID 25331030.

    Phase 2
  2. 02

    Certain Bulk Drug Substances That May Present Significant Safety Risks

    U.S. FDA. Current compounding safety-information page.

Research FAQ

Ipamorelin questions

Concise answers for researchers comparing identity, evidence and catalog variants.

What effects are studied for Ipamorelin?

Healthy-volunteer work showed a reliable short pulse of growth hormone with fast clearance from the body. The larger test, in patients after bowel surgery, found the median time to tolerating a meal was shorter, but the difference was not statistically significant. So the hormone effect is well documented, while a patient benefit was not proven. Findings from one route or group should not be assumed to apply elsewhere.

How should the Ipamorelin research findings be understood?

Regulatory reviewers have noted that safety data are incomplete for some routes. They also raised concerns about immune reactions, clumping and impurities, partly because the peptide contains an unnatural amino acid. These are evidence gaps, not demonstrated harms, but they mean findings from one route or preparation should not be assumed to apply to another without direct study.

Did the randomized ipamorelin trial meet its primary endpoint?

No. The 25.3 versus 32.6 hour median comparison had p=0.15.

Can the intravenous trial support other routes?

No. Exposure route, clinical setting and formulation are part of the evidence and cannot be transferred automatically.

How is product identity verified?

Family-level identifiers organize the catalog. Confirm the supplied form, identity and release criteria using the applicable product specification and ask which lot records are available.

Which quality documents can be requested?

A lot-specific COA, product specification sheet and analytical method summary can be requested where applicable.

How should Ipamorelin be stored?

Store at -20 °C, protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution, aliquot and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Confirm the applicable storage statement on the product-specific specification and lot documentation.

Knowledge center

Related insights

Owned educational content connected to this family.

Knowledge tools

Continue with structured evidence

Move from this dossier into canonical evidence maps, verified status records, analytical interpretation and laboratory calculations.

Internal technical source review

Published-study results are tied to the linked records and kept separate from catalog-lot claims. Imported purity, storage and document-availability templates have been removed pending product- and lot-specific confirmation.

Editorial status: Source review complete · 2026-08-28 · Not independent medical review · Review policy

Technical procurement

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Selected: IP2 · 2 mg × 10 vials